In this article, EE van der Wall explores the benefits and potential risks of sauna bathing, particularly for individuals with cardiovascular diseases. While some cardiologists have historically been concerned about exposing heart patients to the heat in saunas, recent evidence suggests that sauna bathing, when done under appropriate conditions, is well tolerated even by individuals with various cardiovascular conditions. Studies have shown that for patients with stable coronary heart disease, essential hypertension, and post-myocardial infarction, sauna bathing does not pose undue risks and may even have therapeutic benefits. Specifically, regular sauna use has been associated with improved endothelial function, increased exercise tolerance, and a reduction in the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with chronic heart failure. Furthermore, therapies such as Waon therapy, which involves repeated low-temperature sauna sessions, have been shown to improve myocardial ischemia, a common complication in heart disease.
The article also highlights findings from a large prospective study conducted by Jari Laukkanen and colleagues, which investigated the effects of sauna bathing on cardiovascular health in a cohort of 2,315 middle-aged men from eastern Finland. The study found that frequent sauna use (2-3 times per week) was linked to a 23% lower risk of fatal coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease, while those who used the sauna 4-7 times a week had a 48% lower risk. These results suggest that increased frequency of sauna bathing may reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death, fatal heart disease, and overall mortality. Van der Wall emphasizes that these findings challenge previous concerns and suggest that regular sauna use may not only improve physical and mental well-being but also contribute to a longer, healthier life for individuals with cardiovascular conditions. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms behind these health benefits.
